%{%$excel_hash{$keys1} } #### my %excel_hash = %{ $excel_href }; #### for my $key ( keys %excel_hash ) { ... } #### for my $key ( keys %excel_hash ) { my $inner_href = $excel_hash{ $key }; my %inner_hash = %{ $inner_href }; } #### for my $key ( keys %excel_hash ) { my $inner_href = $excel_hash{ $key }; my %inner_hash = %{ $inner_href }; my $name = $inner_hash{'Name'}; } #### for my $key1 ( sort keys %{ $excel_href } ) { while ( my ( $key2, $val2 ) = each %{ $excel_href->{ $key1 } } ) { print "$key2 = $value \n"; } } #### for my $outer_key ( keys %{ $excel_href } ) { print "$outer_key:"; for my $inner_key ( keys %{ $excel_href->{ $outer_key } } ) { print "\t$inner_key = $excel_href->{ $outer_key }->{ $inner_key }\n"; } } #### print "$_\n" for map {"$_: Name = $excel_href->{ $_ }->{'Name'}"} keys %{ $excel_href };