use strict;
use warnings;

my @grid =
(
    [ qw( a a b a c ) ],
    [ qw( a a a c f ) ],
    [ qw( a f c 1 b ) ],
    [ qw( a w x c z ) ],
    [ qw( a q q q c ) ],
);

recognize( pattern => 'horizontal', min => 3 );
recognize( pattern => 'vertical',   min => 5 );
recognize( pattern => 'diagonal',   min => 2 );

sub recognize
{
    my %config  = @_;
    my $pattern = $config{pattern} // 'horizontal';
    my $min     = $config{min}     //  3;
    my $reps    = $min - 1;

    if    ($pattern eq 'horizontal')
    {
        for my $row (0 .. $#grid)
        {
            my $string;
               $string .= $_ for $grid[$row]->@*;

            print "Found $pattern pattern '$&' in row $row\n"
                while $string =~ /(.)\1{$reps,}/g;
        }
    }
    elsif ($pattern eq 'vertical')
    {
        for my $col (0 .. $#{ $grid[0] })
        {
            my $string;
               $string .= $_->[$col] for @grid;

            print "Found $pattern pattern '$&' in column $col\n"
                while $string =~ /(.)\1{$reps,}/g;
        }
    }
    elsif ($pattern eq 'diagonal')
    {
        my $string;
           $string .= $grid[$_][$_] for 0 .. $#grid;

        print "Found $pattern pattern '$&' in left-right diagonal\n"
            while $string =~ /(.)\1{$reps,}/g;

        my $col = $#grid;
        $string = '';

        for my $row (0 .. $#grid)
        {
            $string .= $grid[$row][$col--];
        }

        print "Found $pattern pattern '$&' in right-left diagonal\n"
            while $string =~ /(.)\1{$reps,}/g;
    }
    else
    {
        die "Unknown pattern '$pattern', stopped";
    }
}