demo=> create table demo (content varchar);
CREATE TABLE
demo=> \d demo
                     Table "public.demo"
 Column  |       Type        | Collation | Nullable | Default 
---------+-------------------+-----------+----------+---------
 content | character varying |           |          | 

demo=> insert into demo (content) values ('äöåÄÖÅ');
INSERT 0 1
demo=> insert into demo (content) values ('aaaaaa');
INSERT 0 1
demo=> select * from demo;
 content 
---------
 äöåÄÖÅ
 aaaaaa
(2 rows)

##</code><code>##

use DBI qw(:utils);

$DBcon=DBI->connect("DBI:Pg:dbname=demo", "demo", "demo-pass");

$DBhandle=$DBcon->prepare("SELECT * FROM demo");
$DBhandle->execute();
if ($DBI::rows > 0) {
  print $_->{'content'}." - ".data_string_desc($_->{'content'})."\n" while $_ = $DBhandle->fetchrow_hashref();
}

$DBcon->disconnect();

##</code><code>##

&#65533;&#65533;&#65533;&#65533;&#65533;&#65533; - UTF8 on, non-ASCII, 6 characters 12 bytes
aaaaaa - UTF8 on, ASCII, 6 characters 6 bytes