# tweaked Algorithm::LUHN with "use integer" and some simplification
sub cd3 {
  use integer;
  my $total = 0;
  my $flip = 1;
  foreach my $c (reverse split //, shift) {
    $c *= 2 unless $flip = !$flip;
    while ($c) {
      $total += $c % 10;
      $c = $c / 10;
    }
  }
  return (10 - $total % 10) % 10;
}