elsif ($last =~ m/([A-Za-z\'\-]+)/) {
        $surname = $1;
}

##</code><code>##

elsif($last =~ m/(\w+)\s+(\w+)/) {  # note the + here.
     $surname = join(' ', $1, $2);  # note change to $2
}
elsif($last =~ /([A-Za-z\'\-]+)/) {
        $surname = $1;
}