our %Open_defaults= ( Access=>READ_ONLY, Delimiter=>"/" ); sub Open { my( $keyName, $hvUserOpts )= @_; my $hvOpts= validOptions( {%Open_defaults}, $hvUserOpts ); # ... } our %Read_defaults= ( Delimiter=>"/", Translate=>"text" ); sub Read { my( $handle, $hvUserOpts )= @_; my $hvOpts= validOptions( {%Read_defaults}, $hvUserOpts ); # ... }