use strict; my $sub = sub { print "Hello!\n"; }; my $var = 'Bar'; my $pak = 'Foo::'; my $ref = \%main::; $ref->{'Foo::'}{bar} = $sub; $main::{'Foo::'}{$var} = $sub; $ref->{$pak}{baz} = $sub; $main::{$pak}{boo} = $sub; Foo::bar(); Foo::Bar(); Foo::baz(); Foo::boo()