my %month = map { $_ => 1 } qw(jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov dec); #### my %month; my @month = qw(jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov dec); @month{@month} = (1) x @month; #### my @month = qw(jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov dec); my %month = map { $_ => $month[$_] } (0..$#month); ... $m_name = $month{$m_number};