my @array      = qw[ 1 2 3 ];
my $array_ref  = \@array;      # Backslash makes a reference
my @array_copy = @$array_ref;  # @ de-references array reference

$array[2]       = 4;   # Modifies @array directly
print $array_ref->[2]; # Should be '4' now
$array_ref->[1] = 5;   # Modifies @array by reference
print $array[1];       # Should be '5'
$array_copy[1]  = 6;   # Modifies @array_copy, not @array
print $array[1];       # Still '5'