x/x = 1 ( x != 0 ) 0/x = 0 ( x != 0 ) x/y = x * (1/y) ( y != 0 ) #### (1) a = b ( a != 0, b != 0 ) (2) aa = ab (3) aa - bb = ab - bb (4) (a - b)(a + b) = b(a - b) (5) a + b = b (6) b + b = b (from a = b, (1)) (7) 2b = b (8) 2 = b/b (9) 2 = 1 #### (5) ( ( a - b ) / ( a - b ) )( a + b ) = ( ( a - b ) / ( a - b ) )b