#! perl -sw
use strict;

my $buf = ' 'x70;
my $genus = \substr($buf, 40, 10);

while( <DATA>) {
	substr($buf,0) = $_;
	$$genus = uc($$genus);
	print $buf;
}

#23456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789
__DATA__
00001    fox       brown     indian    Vulpes     Bengalensis
00002    fox       blanford  quick     Vulpes     Cana
00003    fox       brown     cape      Vulpes     Chama
00004    fox       grey      tree      Vulpes     Cinereoargenteus
00005    fox       brown     quick     Vulpes     Corsac
00006    fox       brown     tibetian  Vulpes     Ferrilata
00007    fox       grey      quick     Vulpes     Littoralis
00008    fox       pale      quick     Vulpes     Pallida
00009    fox       brown     quick     Vulpes     Ruppelli
00010    fox       brown     swift     Vulpes     Velox
00011    fox       red       quick     Vulpes     Vulpes
00012    fox       brown     quick     Vulpes     Zerda
00013    fox       white     arctic    Alopex     Lagopus
00014    fox                 Culpeo    Dusicyon   Culpaeus
00015    fox       Grey      Argentine Dusicyon   Griseus
00016    fox                 Azara     Dusicyon   Gymnocercus
00017    fox       small     eared     Dusicyon   Microtis
00018    fox                 Sechuran  Dusicyon   Sechurae
00019    fox       crab      eating    Dusicyon   Thous
00020    fox                 Hoary     Dusicyon   Vetulus
00021    fox       bat       eared     Octocyon   Megalotis

##</code><code>##

00001    fox       brown     indian    VULPES     Bengalensis
00002    fox       blanford  quick     VULPES     Cana
00003    fox       brown     cape      VULPES     Chama
00004    fox       grey      tree      VULPES     Cinereoargenteus
00005    fox       brown     quick     VULPES     Corsac
00006    fox       brown     tibetian  VULPES     Ferrilata
00007    fox       grey      quick     VULPES     Littoralis
00008    fox       pale      quick     VULPES     Pallida
00009    fox       brown     quick     VULPES     Ruppelli
00010    fox       brown     swift     VULPES     Velox
00011    fox       red       quick     VULPES     Vulpes
00012    fox       brown     quick     VULPES     Zerda
00013    fox       white     arctic    ALOPEX     Lagopus
00014    fox                 Culpeo    DUSICYON   Culpaeus
00015    fox       Grey      Argentine DUSICYON   Griseus
00016    fox                 Azara     DUSICYON   Gymnocercus
00017    fox       small     eared     DUSICYON   Microtis
00018    fox                 Sechuran  DUSICYON   Sechurae
00019    fox       crab      eating    DUSICYON   Thous
00020    fox                 Hoary     DUSICYON   Vetulus
00021    fox       bat       eared     OCTOCYON   Megalotis

##</code><code>##

my %fields = (
    record_num       =>[0,10],
    characteristic_1 =>[10,10],
    characteristic_2 =>[20,10],
    genus            =>[30,10],
    subspecies       =>[40,20],
);

substr($buf, @{$fields{genus}}) = uc(substr($buf, @{$fields{genus}});

##</code><code>##

my @str = map{ \substr($str, $_, 1) } 0..length($s)-1;
$str[3] = 'b' if $str[7] eq 'N';

##</code><code>##

my @c = split'',$str; 
$c[3] = 'b' if $c[7] eq 'N'; 
$str=join'',@c;