sub get_members { my $self = shift; my $class = ref $self; my $group_id = $self->id; my $quoted_group_id = $dbh->quote($group_id); my $members = $dbh->selectcol_arrayref(<<" END_SQL"); SELECT person_id FROM group_member WHERE group_id = $quoted_group_id END_SQL foreach my $person_id ( @{$members} ) { my $person = bless { group_id => $group_id, person_id => $person_id, name => '', _members => [], }, $class; push @members => $person; } return \@members; }