( [ @array ] ) x @array ; #### @array{ @array } = ( [ @array ] ) x @array ; #### %array = ( 'c' => [ 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd' ], 'a' => $array{'c'}, 'b' => $array{'c'}, 'd' => $array{'c'} ); #### shell> perl -le 'print keys %{{map {$_=>1} qw/a b c d/}}' cabd