my %matches = map {$_ => 1} 17, 83, 114, 205, 407;
  OUTER:
    while (my ($key, $value) = each %hash) {
        foreach my $num (split /::/ => $value) {
            if ($matches {$value}) {
                print "$key: $value\n";
                last OUTER;
            }
         }
     }