#!/usr/bin/perl

my $myfile = 'somefile';
my %by_id = ();
my %by_name = ();

open (IN, '<', $myfile)
or die "Can't open $myfile: $!\n";

sub ID () {0}
sub NAME () {1}
sub STREET () {2}
sub CITY () {3}
sub ZIP () {4}
sub PHONE () {5}
sub START_DT () {6}

while (<IN>) {
    my @f = split /\|/o;
    $by_id{$f[ID]} = \@f;
    $by_name{$f[NAME]} = \@f;
    # etc for other indexes you want
}

my $id = 'fred';

if (exists $by_id{$id}) {
    print "$id's Address is ", $by_id{$id}->[ADDRESS], "\n";
} else {
    print "I've never heard of this $id guy.\n";
}