# we wish to sort the list of medalists, first by
# medal placement, then alphabetically by name

# we need a map in order to sort out the medal order
my %map = (
   gold => 1, silver => 2, bronze => 3
);


=for bad example
# bad way - too much work being done in the sort!
my @sorted = map {
   $_->[0]
} sort {
   $map{$a->[2]} <=> $map{$b->[2]} or  # very very
   lc($a->[1]) cmp lc($b->[1])         # evil!!
} map {
   /^(([^:]+):\s+(\w+))$/ ?
   [$1,$2,$3] : ()
} <DATA>;
=cut


# good way - we only check the map hash once per item
# and we only lc() the names once per item
my @sorted = map {
   $_->[0]
} sort {
   $a->[2] <=> $b->[2] or
   $a->[1] cmp $b->[1]
} map {
   /^(([^:]+):\s+(\w+))$/ ?
   [$1, lc($2), $map{$3}] : ()         # very very good!!
} <DATA>;


print join("\n", @sorted);

__DATA__
Sarah: silver
Gloria: bronze
Tracy: gold
Shawn: silver
Brad: gold
Jack: bronze