use Encode;

my $unicode = "\xAE";
print length($unicode), "\n";
print ord(substr($unicode, $_, 1)), "\n"
   for 0 .. length($unicode) - 1;

print $unicode, "\n";

my $bytes = Encode::encode('utf8', $unicode);
print length($bytes);
print ord(substr($bytes, $_, 1)), "\n"
   for 0 .. length($bytes) - 1;

print $bytes, "\n";