# pseudo
for <variable> ( list ) {
   # some code presumably using variable
}

# real
for my $key ( keys %hash ) {
    print "$key\n";
}

##</code><code>##

#psuedo
$hash{<key>} = <value>;

#read
$hash{foo} = 'bar';

##</code><code>##

#pseudo
@hash{<list of keys>} = <list of values>;

#real
@hash{ @keys } = @values;