#!/usr/bin/perl 

open(LANGUAGES,"languages.txt") || die "cannot open cities";
%lang_dev = <LANGUAGES>;
$hard_reference = \%lang_dev;   	# \ creates reference to %lang_dev
print "Enter a programming language: "; chomp($lang = <STDIN>);
print "\n";
print "$lang was originally developed by $$hard_reference{$lang}.\n";
		# "$" to dereference hash so value can be accessed
sleep (3);