my $i = 0;
	for my $chems (sort keys %density) {
		my $row = $i+2;
	    $frame3->Label(-text=>$chems)->grid(-row=>$row,-column=>1);
	    $densitybox[$i] = $frame3->Entry(-bg=>'grey', -width => 5, -textvariable => \$density[$i], -justify => "center")->grid(-row=>$row,-column=>2);
	    $concentrationbox[$i] = $frame3->Entry(-bg=>'grey', -width => 5, -textvariable => \$concentration[$i], -justify => "center")->grid(-row=>$row,-column=>3);
	    $ratiobox[$i] = $frame3->Entry(-bg=>'white', -width => 5, -textvariable => \$ratio[$i], -justify => "center")->grid(-row=>$row,-column=>4);
	    $wtpercentbox[$i] = $frame3->Entry(-bg=>'grey', -width => 5, -textvariable => \$wtPercent[$i], -justify => "center")->grid(-row=>$row,-column=>5);   
	    $i++;
	}
##</code><code>##

sub RATIOCALC
{
	our ($mOrv, @ratio, @density, @concentration, %chemname, @wtPercent, $statustext, @wtpercentbox);
	my (@wtPureAmt, @residualDI);

	if (defined($mOrv)){
		$statustext = "Calculating...";
		if ($mOrv eq "V"){	
			for (my $i = 0; $i <= $#ratio; $i++){
				$ratio[$i] = $ratio[$i] * $density[$i];
				$mOrv = "M";
			};
		
		};
		
		for (my $j = 0; $j <= $#ratio; $j++){
			$wtPureAmt[$j] = $ratio[$j] * $concentration[$j];
		};

		for (my $k = 0; $k <= $#ratio; $k++){
			$residualDI[$k] = $ratio[$k] * (1 - $concentration[$k]);
		}; 

		my $totalmass = sum(@ratio);
		my $diIndex = $chemname{'DI'};
		
		if ($totalmass != 0){@wtPercent = map{$_ / $totalmass}@wtPureAmt}else{$statustext = "You need to give me numbers!"};


		if ($wtPureAmt[$diIndex] == 0)
		{
			$wtPercent[$diIndex] = sum(@residualDI) / $totalmass;
		}
		else
		{
			$wtPercent[$diIndex] = (sum(@residualDI) + $wtPureAmt[$diIndex]) / $totalmass;
		}	
	

		$statustext = "(@wtPercent)";

	}else{
		$statustext = "You need to select weight or volume ratio!"
	};	
##</code><code>##

#!/usr/bin/env perl -w

require Tk;
use Tk;
use Tk::Font;
use Tk::Text;
use Tk::ROText;
use English;

use strict;
use warnings;

our %density = (
				DI => "1.0",
				HF => "1.16",
				NH4OH => "0.9",
				H202 => "1.11",
				HCl => "1.18",
				H2SO4 => "1.84",
				Citric => "1",
				NH4F => "1.01",
				TMAH => "1.0",
				Nitric => "1.415",
				Acetic => "1.05",
				Phosphoric => "1.7",
				IPA  => "0.79"
			);

our %concentration =(
				DI => "1.0",
				HF => "0.49",
				NH4OH => "0.29",
				H202 => "0.3",
				HCl => "0.37",
				H2SO4 => ".98",
				Citric => "0.5",
				NH4F => "0.4",
				TMAH => "0.25",
				Nitric => "0.7",
				Acetic => "0.8",
				Phosphoric => "0.85",
				IPA => "1.0"
				);


my $mw = MainWindow->new;

$mw -> title("BathCalc Selection");
$mw -> geometry("+200+200");

#Setting frames in main window.
my $menuframe = $mw -> Frame(
		-relief => "groove",
		-borderwidth => 2
		)->pack(
		-side => "top",
		-fill => "x",
		);
my $topframe = $mw -> Frame()->pack(
		-side => "top",
		-fill => "x",
		-padx => 10,
		-pady => 5
		);
my $midframe = $mw -> Frame()->pack(
		-side => "top",
		-fill => "x",
		-padx => 10,
		);
my $botframe = $mw -> Frame()->pack(
		-side => "top",
		-fill => "x",
		-padx => 10,
		-pady => 5
		);
#command to make a file menubutton
my $file_mw = $menuframe -> Menubutton (
		-text => "File",
		-activeforeground => "grey"
		) -> pack (-side => 'left');
		
$file_mw -> command(
		-label => "Exit",
		-command => sub{$mw -> destroy}
		);	
		
my $help_mw = $menuframe -> Menubutton (
		-text => "Help",
		-activeforeground => "grey"
		) -> pack (-side => 'right');
		
$help_mw -> command(
		-label => "About",
		-command => sub{&ABOUT});	
		
		
#setting up selections as to where to go next
my $rb;
my $r1=$midframe->Radiobutton(
	-text=>"Calculate Amount of Material to Pour a Bath", 
	-value=>"1", 
	-variable=>\$rb
	) -> pack(side => 'top', -anchor => 'w');
my $r2=$midframe->Radiobutton(
	-text=>"Convert Chemical Ratio to Mass Percent", 
	-value=>"2", 
	-variable=>\$rb
	) -> pack(side => 'top', -anchor => 'w');
my $r3=$midframe->Radiobutton(
	-text=>"Display Assumptions", 
	-value=>"3", 
	-variable=>\$rb
	) -> pack(side => 'top', -anchor => 'w');
	
my $text1 = $topframe->Label (
	-text => "Selection:",
	-font => '{times new roman} 14'
	) -> pack(side => 'top', -anchor => 'w');

my $actionButton = $botframe -> Button(
	-text => "Go",
	-command => \&CHOOSE
	) -> pack(-side => 'left', padx => '50', pady => '20');

my $exitButton = $botframe -> Button(
	-text => "Quit",
	-command => sub{exit}
	) -> pack(-side => 'right', padx => '50', pady => '20');

MainLoop ();

sub CHOOSE
{
	if ($rb == 1)
    {
    	&MAKE_BATH;
	} 
          
    elsif ($rb == 2)
    {
    	&RATIO;
	}
                    
	elsif ($rb == 3)
    {  
	&ASSUME;
    }
}

sub MAKE_BATH   #This subroutine will generate a new window that will require user input to calculate volumes
				#required to pour up a bath of known size and concentration.  The default concentration and 
				#density will be displayed and allow users to change if they need to do so.
{
	my $mb = MainWindow -> new;
	$mb -> title("Bath Pour Up");
	$mb -> geometry("+200+200");

#this frame is going to be the menu bar.
	my $frame1 = $mb -> Frame(
		-relief => "groove",
		-borderwidth => 3
		)->pack(
		-side => "top",
		-fill => "x"
		);
		
	my $file_mb = $frame1 -> Menubutton (
		-text => "File",
		-activeforeground => "grey"
		) -> pack (-side => 'left');
		
	$file_mb -> command(
		-label => "Exit",
		-command => sub{$mb -> destroy});

	my $help_mb = $frame1 -> Menubutton (
		-text => "Help",
		-activeforeground => "grey"
		) -> pack (-side => 'right');
		
	$help_mb -> command(
		-label => "About",
		-command => sub{&ABOUT}

#The next section sets up all of the frames I will need, many, many frames...		

		);
	my $midhold = $mb -> Frame()->pack(
		-side => "top",
		-fill => "x",
		-padx => 3
		);				
	my $frame2 = $midhold -> Frame()->pack(
		-side => "top",
		-anchor => "n"
		);	
	our $frame3 = $midhold -> Frame()->pack(
		-side => "top",
		-anchor => "n"
		);
		
	my $calcVolframe = $mb -> Frame(
	-borderwidth => 3
	)->pack(
		-side => "top", 
		-fill => 'x', 
		);
		
	my $frame12 = $mb -> Frame(  #this is the bottom frame with the status button in it.
	-relief => "raised", 
	-borderwidth => 3
	)->pack(
		-side => "bottom", 
		-fill => 'x', 
		);

	our $totalvolume;
	my $voltext = $calcVolframe -> Entry(
		-textvariable => \$totalvolume,
		-width => 5
		) -> pack(
			-side => 'right',
			-padx => 36);
		
	my $volLbl = $calcVolframe ->Label(
		-text => "Bath Volume (L):"
		) -> pack(-side=>'right');
#------------------------------------------------------------
#Calculate Button Below
#------------------------------------------------------------
	my $calcButton = $calcVolframe -> Button(
		-text => "Calculate",
		-command => \&VOLCALC
		) -> pack(-side => 'left', padx => '50', pady => '10');
#------------------------------------------------------------
#Calculate Button Above
#------------------------------------------------------------
				
	our $i = 0;
	our(@wtpercent, @wtpercentbox, @concentration, $isSolv, @volume, @density);
	my (@concentrationbox, @densitybox, @volumebox);


	#need to make sure that concentration and density are always in the same order.
	my $j = 0;
	foreach (sort keys(%concentration)){	
		$concentration[$j] = $concentration{$_};
		$density[$j] = $density{$_};
		$j++;
	};

	my $headingOne = $frame3 ->Label(
		-text => "Solvent",
		-relief => "raised"
		) -> grid (-column=>0, -row => 1);
	my $headingTwo = $frame3 ->Label(
		-relief => "raised",
		-text => "Chemical Name"
		) -> grid (-column=>1, -row => 1);
	my $headingThree = $frame3 ->Label(
		-relief => "raised",
		-text => "Density (g/mL)"
		) -> grid (-column=>2, -row => 1);	
	my $headingFour = $frame3 ->Label(
		-text => "Concentration (%)",
		-relief => "raised"
		) -> grid (-column=>3, -row => 1);		
	my $headingFive = $frame3 ->Label(
		-text => "Wt %",
		-relief => "raised",
		-width => 5
		) -> grid (-column=>4, -row => 1);
	my $headingSix = $frame3 ->Label(
		-text => "Calculated Volume (L)",
		-relief => "raised"
		) -> grid (-column=>5, -row => 1);


	for my $x (sort keys %density) {
		my $row = $i+2;
		$frame3->Radiobutton(
	        -value=>$i,
	        -variable => \$isSolv,
	        -command=>[\&colorme, $i])->grid(-row=>$row,-column=>0);
	    $frame3->Label(-text=>$x)->grid(-row=>$row,-column=>1);
	    $densitybox[$i] = $frame3->Entry(-bg=>'grey', -width => 5, -textvariable => \$density[$i])->grid(-row=>$row,-column=>2);
	    $concentrationbox[$i] = $frame3->Entry(-bg=>'grey', -width => 5, -textvariable => \$concentration[$i])->grid(-row=>$row,-column=>3);
	    $wtpercentbox[$i] = $frame3->Entry(-bg=>'white', -width => 5, -textvariable => \$wtpercent[$i])->grid(-row=>$row,-column=>4);
		$volumebox[$i] = $frame3->Entry(-bg=>'grey', -width => 5, -textvariable => \$volume[$i])->grid(-row=>$row,-column=>5);   
	    $i++;
	}
		our $statustext = "Please enter desired weight percent and solvent.";
		my $statuslabel = $frame12 -> Label(
			-text => "Status: "
			) -> pack(-side => "left");
		my $status =$frame12 -> Entry(
			-textvariable => \$statustext,
			-foreground => 'red',
			-width => 60
			) -> pack(-side => "left");

}
sub RATIO   #This subroutine will generate a new window that will require user input to calculate weight percents
			#based on supplied ratios
{
	my $rt = MainWindow -> new;
	$rt -> title("Ratio to Weight Percent");
	$rt -> geometry("+200+200");

#this frame is going to be the menu bar.
	my $frame1 = $rt -> Frame(
		-relief => "groove",
		-borderwidth => 3
		)->pack(
		-side => "top",
		-fill => "x"
		);
		
	my $file_rt = $frame1 -> Menubutton (
		-text => "File",
		-activeforeground => "grey"
		) -> pack (-side => 'left');
		
	$file_rt -> command(
		-label => "Exit",
		-command => sub{$rt -> destroy});

	my $help_rt = $frame1 -> Menubutton (
		-text => "Help",
		-activeforeground => "grey"
		) -> pack (-side => 'right');
		
	$help_rt -> command(
		-label => "About",
		-command => sub{&ABOUT}

#The next section sets up all of the frames I will need, many, many frames...		

		);
	my $midhold = $rt -> Frame()->pack(
		-side => "top",
		-fill => "x",
		-padx => 3
		);				
	my $frame2 = $midhold -> Frame()->pack(
		-side => "top",
		-anchor => "n"
		);	
	my $frame3 = $midhold -> Frame()->pack(
		-side => "top",
		-anchor => "n"
		);
		
	my $calcVolframe = $rt -> Frame(
	-borderwidth => 3
	)->pack(
		-side => "top", 
		-fill => 'x', 
		);
		
	my $frame12 = $rt -> Frame(  #this is the bottom frame with the status button in it.
	-relief => "raised", 
	-borderwidth => 3
	)->pack(
		-side => "bottom", 
		-fill => 'x', 
		);
	my $VolButton = $calcVolframe -> Button(
		-text => "Bath Volume >>",
		-command => \&RATIOSUP
		) -> pack(-side => 'right', padx => '5', pady => '5');


	our $mOrv;
	my $mOrvbutton = $calcVolframe -> Radiobutton(
		-variable => \$mOrv,
		-value => "M",
		-width => 5
		) -> pack(
			-side => 'right');
	my $massText = $calcVolframe -> Label(
		-text => "Mass Ratio ",
		-padx => 2) -> pack(-side => "right");		
	
	my $mOrvbutton2 = $calcVolframe -> Radiobutton(
		-variable => \$mOrv,
		-value => "V",
		-width => 5
		) -> pack(
			-side => 'right');
		
	my $volLbl = $calcVolframe ->Label(
		-text => "Volume Ratio:"
		) -> pack(-side=>'right');




#------------------------------------------------------------
#Calculate Button Below
#------------------------------------------------------------
	my $calcButton = $calcVolframe -> Button(
		-text => "Calculate",
		-command => \&RATIOCALC
		) -> pack(-side => 'left', padx => '50', pady => '10');
#------------------------------------------------------------
#Calculate Button Above
#------------------------------------------------------------
				

	our(@ratio, @ratiobox, @concentration, @wtPercent, @density, %chemname);
	my (@concentrationbox, @densitybox, @wtpercentbox);


	#need to make sure that concentration and density are always in the same order.
	my $j = 0;
	foreach (sort keys(%concentration)){	
		$concentration[$j] = $concentration{$_};
		$density[$j] = $density{$_};
		$chemname{$_} = $j;
		$ratio[$j] = 0;
		$wtPercent[$j] = 0;
		$j++;
	};


	my $headingTwo = $frame3 ->Label(
		-relief => "raised",
		-text => "Chemical Name"
		) -> grid (-column=>1, -row => 1, -padx => 3, -pady =>2);
	my $headingThree = $frame3 ->Label(
		-relief => "raised",
		-text => "Density (g/mL)"
		) -> grid (-column=>2, -row => 1, -padx => 3, -pady =>2);	
	my $headingFour = $frame3 ->Label(
		-text => "Concentration",
		-relief => "raised"
		) -> grid (-column=>3, -row => 1, -padx => 3, -pady =>2);		
	my $headingFive = $frame3 ->Label(
		-text => "Ratio",
		-relief => "raised",
		-width => 5
		) -> grid (-column=>4, -row => 1, -padx => 3, -pady =>2);
	my $headingSix = $frame3 ->Label(
		-text => "Calculated Wt Percent",
		-relief => "raised"
		) -> grid (-column=>5, -row => 1, -padx => 3, -pady =>2);

	my $i = 0;
	for my $chems (sort keys %density) {
		my $row = $i+2;
	    $frame3->Label(-text=>$chems)->grid(-row=>$row,-column=>1);
	    $densitybox[$i] = $frame3->Entry(-bg=>'grey', -width => 5, -textvariable => \$density[$i], -justify => "center")->grid(-row=>$row,-column=>2);
	    $concentrationbox[$i] = $frame3->Entry(-bg=>'grey', -width => 5, -textvariable => \$concentration[$i], -justify => "center")->grid(-row=>$row,-column=>3);
	    $ratiobox[$i] = $frame3->Entry(-bg=>'white', -width => 5, -textvariable => \$ratio[$i], -justify => "center")->grid(-row=>$row,-column=>4);
	    $wtpercentbox[$i] = $frame3->Entry(-bg=>'grey', -width => 5, -textvariable => \$wtPercent[$i], -justify => "center")->grid(-row=>$row,-column=>5);   
	    $i++;
	}
		our $statustext = "Please enter desired ratio and whether wt or vol percent.";
		my $statuslabel = $frame12 -> Label(
			-text => "Status: "
			) -> pack(-side => "left");
		my $status =$frame12 -> Entry(
			-textvariable => \$statustext,
			-foreground => 'red',
			-width => 60
			) -> pack(-side => "left");

}
############################################################################
############################################################################
#   This sub is responsible for calculating the wt percents of the chemicals
#   supplied in the ratio screen
#  		MAIN -> RT -> RATIOCALC
###########################################################################
sub VOLCALC
{
	our $isSolv;
	if (defined($isSolv)){
		my @chemname =  (sort keys(our %density));	
		my $solventname = $chemname[$isSolv];		
		our $statustext = "Calculating";

		
		
		
		}else{
		our $statustext = "You need to select a solvent"
	};

}

############################################################################
############################################################################
#   This sub is responsible for calculating the wt percents of the chemicals
#   supplied in the ratio screen
#  		MAIN -> RT -> RATIOCALC
###########################################################################
sub RATIOCALC
{
	our ($mOrv, @ratio, @density, @concentration, %chemname, @wtPercent, $statustext, @wtpercentbox);
	my (@wtPureAmt, @residualDI);

	if (defined($mOrv)){
		$statustext = "Calculating...";
		if ($mOrv eq "V"){	
			for (my $i = 0; $i <= $#ratio; $i++){
				$ratio[$i] = $ratio[$i] * $density[$i];
				$mOrv = "M";
			};
		
		};
		
		for (my $j = 0; $j <= $#ratio; $j++){
			$wtPureAmt[$j] = $ratio[$j] * $concentration[$j];
		};

		for (my $k = 0; $k <= $#ratio; $k++){
			$residualDI[$k] = $ratio[$k] * (1 - $concentration[$k]);
		}; 

		my $totalmass = sum(@ratio);
		my $diIndex = $chemname{'DI'};
		
		if ($totalmass != 0){@wtPercent = map{$_ / $totalmass}@wtPureAmt}else{$statustext = "You need to give me numbers!"};


		if ($wtPureAmt[$diIndex] == 0)
		{
			$wtPercent[$diIndex] = sum(@residualDI) / $totalmass;
		}
		else
		{
			$wtPercent[$diIndex] = (sum(@residualDI) + $wtPureAmt[$diIndex]) / $totalmass;
		}	
	

		$statustext = "(@wtPercent)";

	}else{
		$statustext = "You need to select weight or volume ratio!"
	};	
	
	map{$_->configure(-textvariable=>\$wtPercent[2])}@wtpercentbox;

}




############################################################################
############################################################################
#   this subroutine sums the numbers passed to it.  Returns a single value.
#  
#  
###########################################################################
sub sum
{
	
	my $sum = 0;
	foreach my $line (@_)
	{
		$sum += $line;
	}
	return $sum;
}

############################################################################
############################################################################
#  This subroutine disables and colors the wtpercentbox of the selected
#  solvent in the Make Bath calculation window
#  		MAIN -> MB -> COLORME
###########################################################################
sub colorme {
	our @wtpercentbox;
	my $i = shift;
	map{$_->configure(-bg=>'white')}@wtpercentbox;
	$wtpercentbox[$i]->configure(-bg=>'black');
	map{$_->configure(-state=>'normal')}@wtpercentbox;
	$wtpercentbox[$i]->configure(-state => 'disabled');  
}

############################################################################
############################################################################
#  This window is the about box for all windows
#  
#  		MAIN -> ABOUT
###########################################################################
sub ABOUT       #The about box in the help menu!
{
	my $aboutwin = MainWindow -> new;
	$aboutwin -> title("About");
	$aboutwin -> geometry("+210+210");
	my $aboutleftframe = $aboutwin -> Frame() -> pack(-side => "left");
	my $aboutrightframe = $aboutwin -> Frame() -> pack(-side => "left");
	
	my $exitButton = $aboutrightframe -> Button(
	-text => "Close",
	-command => sub{destroy $aboutwin}
	) -> pack(-side => 'right', padx => '10', pady => '10');
	
	my $words = qq(
BathCalc ver.2.0

Written by David Daycock.

August 2004	

david\@netboise.com);
	my $aboutText = $aboutleftframe->Scrolled('ROText',
                   -height => '10',
                   -width => '20',
                   -wrap => "word",
                   -scrollbars => 'osoe',
                   );
   $aboutText -> insert('end', $words);
   $aboutText -> pack(-side => "left", -padx => '10', -pady => '10');
	

}
############################################################################
############################################################################
#  This window is created when the Bath Volume button is pushed in the 
#  ratio window calculation screen.  It will provide the volumes of chemical
#  to add to create a bath of known volume
#               RT -> RATIO -> RATIOSUP
###########################################################################

sub RATIOSUP              
{
my $ratiowin = MainWindow->new;

$ratiowin -> title("Bath Pour Up Instructions");
$ratiowin -> geometry("+200+200");

#Setting frames in main window.
my $menuframe = $ratiowin -> Frame(
		-relief => "groove",
		-borderwidth => 2
		)->pack(
		-side => "top",
		-fill => "x",
		);
my $topframe = $ratiowin -> Frame()->pack(
		-side => "top",
		-fill => "x",
		-padx => 10,
		-pady => 5
		);
my $midframe = $ratiowin -> Frame()->pack(
		-side => "top",
		-fill => "x",
		-padx => 10,
		);

#command to make a file menubutton
my $file_mw = $menuframe -> Menubutton (
		-text => "File",
		-activeforeground => "grey"
		) -> pack (-side => 'left');
		
$file_mw -> command(
		-label => "Exit",
		-command => sub{$ratiowin -> destroy}
		);	
		
my $help_mw = $menuframe -> Menubutton (
		-text => "Help",
		-activeforeground => "grey"
		) -> pack (-side => 'right');
		
$help_mw -> command(
		-label => "About",
		-command => sub{&ABOUT});


	our (@ratioVol, @ratioVolbox, @ratio, %chemname);
	my @filledratio;
	my $i = 0;	
	my $j = 0;
	my $k = 0;

	#foreach (@ratio){
	#	if ($ratio[$j] != 0){
	#		$filledratio[$k] = $ratio[$j];
	#		$k++;
	#	}
	#	$j++;
	#}		


	foreach my $line (@ratio) {
		my $row = $i+2;
    		$midframe->Label(-text=>$chemname{$i})->grid(-row=>$row,-column=>1);
    		$ratioVolbox[$i] = $midframe->Entry(-bg=>'grey', -width => 5, -textvariable => \$ratioVol[$i])->grid(-row=>$row,-column=>2);
		$i++;
	}
}