my %list = ( 'lang' => 'de' );
my $listref = \%list;
print ref($listref);

##</code><code>##

my $listref = { 'lang' => 'de' };
print ref($listref);

##</code><code>##

use vars qw($query @parname %list $n );

$query = new CGI;
@parname = $query->param;
foreach $n (@parname) {
   $list{$n} = $query->param($n);
}

##</code><code>##

$query = new CGI;
@parname = $query->param;
foreach $n (@parname) {
  $hashref->{$n} = $query->param($n);
}