sub foo {
        local $foo = 1;
        if (1 == 1) { # just to demonstrate the point
            $foo++;
        }
        print "From foo: $foo\n";
        bar();
    }

    sub bar {
        # this variable will be set to whatever it was 
        # before we got called
        print "From bar: $foo\n"; 
    }

    $foo = 5;
    foo();
    bar();