use warnings;
use strict;

use Date::Calc qw(Delta_DHMS Time_to_Date Delta_Days);
use Date::Manip;
use Benchmark qw(:all);
use Data::Dumper::Simple;

my @seconds = qw(-2147483648 -1 0 1 86399 86400 2147483648);

my %contenders = (
    cw_silly    => { code => \&sec_to_dhms_silly },
    cw_sensible => { code => \&sec_to_dhms_sensible },
    Tanktalus   => { code => \&sec_to_dhms_Tanktalus },
    gam3        => { code => \&sec_to_dhms_gam3 },
    gloryhack   => { code => \&sec_to_dhms_gloryhack },
    GrandFather => { code => \&sec_to_dhms_GrandFather },
    #davidrw     => { code => \&sec_to_dhms_davidrw },
    #snowhare    => { code => \&sec_to_dhms_snowhare },
    );

for my $s (@seconds) {
    foreach my $c (keys %contenders) {
        my @res;
        eval { @res = $contenders{$c}{code}->($s); };
        $contenders{$c}{$s} = defined @_ ? "@_" : "@res";
    }
}

print Dumper(%contenders);

our $data = 1000;
cmpthese
( -10
, { cw_silly    => sub { sec_to_dhms_silly($data) } ,
    cw_sensible => sub { sec_to_dhms_sensible($data) } ,
    Tanktalus   => sub { sec_to_dhms_Tanktalus($data) } ,
    gam3        => sub { sec_to_dhms_gam3($data) } ,
    gloryhack   => sub { sec_to_dhms_gloryhack($data) } ,
    GrandFather => sub { sec_to_dhms_GrandFather($data) } ,
    #davidrw     => sub { sec_to_dhms_davidrw($data) } ,
    #snowhare    => sub { sec_to_dhms_snowhare($data) }
  }
);

sub sec_to_dhms_gam3 {
    my $t = shift;
    return join ':' , int($t / 86400), (gmtime($t))[2, 1, 0];
}

sub sec_to_dhms_GrandFather {
    my $t = shift;
    my @fields = ($t % 60,
        ($t /= 60) % 60,
        ($t /= 60) % 24,
        int ($t / 24));
    return join ':', reverse @fields;
}

sub sec_to_dhms_Tanktalus {
    use integer;
    local $_ = shift;
    my ($d, $h, $m, $s);
    $s = $_ % 60; $_ /= 60;
    $m = $_ % 60; $_ /= 60;
    $h = $_ % 24; $_ /= 24;
    $d = $_;
    return join ':' , ($d, $h, $m, $s);
}

sub sec_to_dhms_sensible {
    shift;
    my ($d, $h, $m, $s);
    $s = $_ % 60; $_ = ($_ - $s) / 60;
    $m = $_ % 60; $_ = ($_ - $m) / 60;
    $h = $_ % 24; $_ = ($_ - $h) / 24;
    $d = $_;
    return join ':' , ($d, $h, $m, $s);
}

#  uses Date::Calc
sub sec_to_dhms_silly {
    my @epoch = (1970, 1, 1, 0,0,0);
    my @mytime = gmtime(shift);
    splice (@mytime, 6);       # discard fields after 6th element (year)
    $mytime[5] += 1900;        # gmtime returns year - 1900
    $mytime[4]++;              # gmtime has zero based month
    @mytime = reverse @mytime; # Delta_DHMS expects args in reverse to gmtime
    return join ':' , Delta_DHMS(@epoch, @mytime);
}

#  uses Date::Calc
sub sec_to_dhms_gloryhack {
    my $t = shift;
    return
     join ':'
      , $t < 0 ? '-' : ''
      , Delta_DHMS(Time_to_Date(0), Time_to_Date(abs($t)));
}

#  uses Date::Calc
sub sec_to_dhms_davidrw {
    my $t = shift;
    return
      join ':'
      , map { sprintf "%02d", $t }
          do{ my @d = Time_to_Date($t);
              ( Delta_Days((Time_to_Date(0))[0..2], @d[0..2]), @d[3..5] )
            };
}

#  uses Date::Manip
sub sec_to_dhms_snowhare {
    my $t = shift;
    return
    join ':'
      , Delta_Format("+${t}seconds",'exact','%dh','%hv','%mv','%sv');
}

##</code><code>##

%contenders = (
                'Tanktalus' => {
                                 '86399' => '0:23:59:59',
                                 '86400' => '1:0:0:0',
                                 '1' => '0:0:0:1',
                                 '2147483648' => '24855:3:14:8',
                                 '0' => '0:0:0:0',
                                 '-2147483648' => '-24855:-3:-14:-8',
                                 '-1' => '0:0:0:-1',
                                 'code' => sub { "DUMMY" }
                               },
                'cw_sensible' => {
                                   '86399' => '0:0:0:0',
                                   '86400' => '0:0:0:0',
                                   '1' => '0:0:0:0',
                                   '2147483648' => '0:0:0:0',
                                   '0' => '0:0:0:0',
                                   '-2147483648' => '0:0:0:0',
                                   '-1' => '0:0:0:0',
                                   'code' => sub { "DUMMY" }
                                 },
                'cw_silly' => {
                                '86399' => '0:23:59:59',
                                '86400' => '1:0:0:0',
                                '1' => '0:0:0:1',
                                '2147483648' => '-24855:-3:-14:-8',
                                '0' => '0:0:0:0',
                                '-2147483648' => '-24855:-3:-14:-8',
                                '-1' => '0:0:0:-1',
                                'code' => sub { "DUMMY" }
                              },
                'gam3' => {
                            '86399' => '0:23:59:59',
                            '86400' => '1:0:0:0',
                            '1' => '0:0:0:1',
                            '2147483648' => '24855:20:45:52',
                            '0' => '0:0:0:0',
                            '-2147483648' => '-24855:20:45:52',
                            '-1' => '0:23:59:59',
                            'code' => sub { "DUMMY" }
                          },
                'GrandFather' => {
                                   '86399' => '0:23:59:59',
                                   '86400' => '1:0:0:0',
                                   '1' => '0:0:0:1',
                                   '2147483648' => '24855:3:14:8',
                                   '0' => '0:0:0:0',
                                   '-2147483648' => '-24855:21:46:52',
                                   '-1' => '0:0:0:59',
                                   'code' => sub { "DUMMY" }
                                 },
                'gloryhack' => {
                                 '86399' => ':0:23:59:59',
                                 '86400' => ':1:0:0:0',
                                 '1' => ':0:0:0:1',
                                 '2147483648' => '',
                                 '0' => ':0:0:0:0',
                                 '-2147483648' => '',
                                 '-1' => '-:0:0:0:1',
                                 'code' => sub { "DUMMY" }
                               }
              );

##</code><code>##

                Rate cw_sensible cw_silly gloryhack GrandFather   gam3 Tanktalus
cw_sensible  27248/s          --     -46%      -67%        -73%   -75%      -83%
cw_silly     50161/s         84%       --      -40%        -49%   -55%      -68%
gloryhack    83435/s        206%      66%        --        -16%   -25%      -47%
GrandFather  99258/s        264%      98%       19%          --   -10%      -37%
gam3        110623/s        306%     121%       33%         11%     --      -30%
Tanktalus   157554/s        478%     214%       89%         59%    42%        --