>perl -le "for ('a'..'z') { $h{$_ x 2}=1; print scalar %h } 1/8 2/8 3/8 4/8 5/8 6/8 7/8 8/16 9/16 10/16 11/16 12/16 13/16 14/16 15/16 <- before adding 'pp' 15/16 <- after adding 'pp' 15/16 15/16 15/16 15/16 21/32 21/32 21/32 21/32 21/32 21/32