use strict;
use warnings;
use Benchmark qw(cmpthese);


my $str = (' ' x 1000) . ('x' x 100000) . (' ' x 1000);

cmpthese ( -5,
        {
        plusplus => \&plusplus,
        starstar => \&starstar,
        starplus => \&starplus,
        plusstar => \&plusstar,
        twosub => \&twosub,
        }
    );

print "\n\nString got clobbered\n" if $str !~ /^ .* $/;


sub plusplus {
    $_ = $str;
    s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
}


sub starstar {
    $_ = $str;
    s/^\s*|\s*$//g;
}


sub starplus {
    $_ = $str;
    s/^\s*|\s+$//g;
}


sub plusstar {
    $_ = $str;
    s/^\s+|\s*$//g;
}

sub twosub {
    $_ = $str;
    s/^\s+//;
    s/\s*$//;
}

##</code><code>##

           Rate starstar plusstar plusplus starplus   twosub
starstar 47.0/s       --      -8%     -25%     -28%     -42%
plusstar 51.2/s       9%       --     -18%     -21%     -37%
plusplus 62.5/s      33%      22%       --      -4%     -23%
starplus 65.1/s      39%      27%       4%       --     -20%
twosub   81.6/s      74%      59%      31%      25%       --