use warnings;
use strict;

my $string = 'blah/blah/blah#ThisIsWhatIWant?ButNotThisEtc';

if( $string =~ m/#([^?]*)/ )
{
    print "matched -->$1<--\n";
}

##</code><code>##

matched -->ThisIsWhatIWant<--

##</code><code>##

use YAPE::Regex::Explain;

my $re = qr/#([^?]*)/;
my $p = YAPE::Regex::Explain->new($re)->explain;
print "$p\n";

##</code><code>##

The regular expression:

(?-imsx:#([^?]*))

matches as follows:

NODE                     EXPLANATION
----------------------------------------------------------------------
(?-imsx:                 group, but do not capture (case-sensitive)
                         (with ^ and $ matching normally) (with . not
                         matching \n) (matching whitespace and #
                         normally):
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  #                        '#'
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  (                        group and capture to \1:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
    [^?]*                    any character except: '?' (0 or more
                             times (matching the most amount
                             possible))
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  )                        end of \1
----------------------------------------------------------------------
)                        end of grouping
----------------------------------------------------------------------