Named        Anonymous
@array       []
%hash        {}

##</code><code>##

@array;

##</code><code>##

[];

##</code><code>##

$arrayref = [];

##</code><code>##

$ary = $arrayref;
push @$ary,"foo";
print $arrayref->[0]; # prints "foo" \
print @$arrayref[0];  # prints "foo" - same pointer value in $ary and $arrayref
print $ary->[0];      # prints "foo" /

##</code><code>##

for("foo") {
    print;     # prints foo
    undef $_;  # dies with "Modification of a read-only value attempted"
               # - literals cannot be modified
}

##</code><code>##

my $ref = ["my","list"];

##</code><code>##

for (@$ref) {
    print;
    $_ = undef;
}
# the [] array pointed to with the content of $ref is now [undef,undef]