my %couples = ( george => 'gracie', abbot => 'costello', johnson => 'boswell',); while (my($c, $d) = each %couples) { print "$c $d\n"; } print "\n"; foreach my $c (each %couples) { print "$c\n"; } print "\n"; while ( my($c, $d) = each %couples) { print "$d $c\n"; }