push( @{ $y{ ($a = $_, ( grep {$a=~/$_/} @t )[0] || next)[1] } }, $_ ) for @f;

##</code><code>##

use strict;
my @t=qw(one two three);

my @f=qw(
        one.ind.01 one.ind.02 one.tab.01
        two.ind.01 two.tab.02 two.ind.02
        three.ind.02 three.ind.01 three.tab.03
        four1.ind four2.ind four2.ind
        f1v.ind.31 f1v.ind.32 f1v.ind.32
);

my %y;

push( @{ $y{ ($a = $_, ( grep {$a=~/\b$_\.ind/} @t )[0] || next)[1] } }, $_ ) for @f;

##</code><code>##

for my $f (@f) {
    my ($t) = grep {$f=~/$_/} @t;
    next unless $t;
    push( @{ $y{ $t } }, $f );
}