($t[0] == $s[0] && $t[0] == $e[0]) ? $r[0] = 1 : $r[0] = 0;

##</code><code>##

if ($t[0] == $s[0] && $t[0] == $e[0]){
   $r[0] = 1;
}
else{
   $r[0] = 0;
}