{ perldoc perlre ; perldoc perlop ; } | grep -C 2 unaffected just as in ordinary Perl code. This also means that if you want real whitespace or "#" characters in the pattern (outside a character class, where they are unaffected by "/x"), that you'll either have to escape them or encode them using octal or hex escapes. Taken together, these features go a long way towards making Perl's regular expressions more -- cards, pipes, and redirections will be honored. The collected standard output of the command is returned; standard error is unaffected. In scalar context, it comes back as a single (potentially multi-line) string, or undef if the command failed. In list context, returns a list of lines (however