use strict;
use DBI;

my @left_column = do { open my $fh, "<", 'data/left_file.txt' };
my @right_column = do { open my $fh, "<", 'data/right_file.txt' };

chomp @left_column;
chomp @right_column;


my $dbh = DBI->connect(...);
my $sth = $dbh->prepare(<<SQL);
UPDATE wordtable SET right_column = ?
WHERE left_column = ?
SQL;

for my $index (0..$#left_column) {
    $sth->execute($right_column, $left_column);
};