use strict;
use warnings;
use List::Util qw(first);

my @array_to_search = (1..5) x 2;
my $target_value = 3;
my @target_values = (5, 4);

{   # Find the first target and do something to it.
    my $match = first { 
        $target_value == $_ 
    } @array_to_search;
    matches_found( $match );
}

{   # Find all matches and do stuff.
    my @matches = grep { 
        $target_value == $_ 
    } @array_to_search;
    matches_found( @matches );
}

{   # match list with nested loop matching  
    my @matches;
    foreach my $target ( @target_values ) {
        push @matches, grep { 
            $target_value == $_
        }    @array_to_search;
     }
     matches_found( @matches );
}

{   # match list with a hash lookup  
    my %target;
    @target{ @target_values } = ();
    my @matches = grep {
        exists $target{$_}
    } @array_to_search; 
    matches_found( @matches );
}