$ perl -C2 -MDP -wle'$_="\xc3\x84";print"$_\t",DPeek$_' Ã PV("\303\204"\0) $ perl -C2 -MDP -wle'$_="\xc3\x84";utf8::decode$_;print"$_\t",DPeek$_' Ä PV("\303\204"\0) [UTF8 "\x{c4}"] $ perl -C2 -MDP -wle'$_="\x{c4}";print"$_\t",DPeek$_' Ä PV("\304"\0) $ perl -C2 -MDP -wle'$_="\x{c4}";utf8::decode$_;print"$_\t",DPeek$_' Ä PV("\304"\0) $ perl -C2 -MDP -wle'$_="\x{c4}";utf8::encode$_;print"$_\t",DPeek$_' Ã PV("\303\204"\0) $ perl -C2 -MDP -wle'$_="\x{c4}";utf8::encode$_;utf8::decode$_;print"$_\t",DPeek$_' Ä PV("\303\204"\0) [UTF8 "\x{c4}"]