open D1, 'data1.txt'; open D2, 'data2.txt'; my ($c1, $c2); while (read D2, $c2, 1) { read D1, $c1, 1; print $c2 eq 'N' ? lc($c1) : $c1; } close D2; close D1; #### >seq1 GGTacacagaagccaaagcaggctccaggctctgagctgtcagcacagagaccgaT >seq2 GTCTCTGTCTCtaaaataaataaacattaaaaaaattttaaaagaaaaGATTCTCTCC