use strict; use warnings; use Data::Dumper; my %hash = ( name => q{Fred}, age => 27, ); print q{-} x 30, qq{\n}; print Dumper( %hash ); print q{-} x 30, qq{\n}; print Dumper( \ %hash ); print q{-} x 30, qq{\n}; print Data::Dumper->Dump( [ \ %hash ], [ qw{ *hash } ] ); print q{=} x 30, qq{\n}; my $hashRef = { name => q{Mary}, age => 25, }; print Dumper( $hashRef ); print q{-} x 30, qq{\n}; print Data::Dumper->Dump( [ $hashRef ], [ qw{ hashRef } ] ); print q{-} x 30, qq{\n}; #### ------------------------------ $VAR1 = 'name'; $VAR2 = 'Fred'; $VAR3 = 'age'; $VAR4 = 27; ------------------------------ $VAR1 = { 'name' => 'Fred', 'age' => 27 }; ------------------------------ %hash = ( 'name' => 'Fred', 'age' => 27 ); ============================== $VAR1 = { 'name' => 'Mary', 'age' => 25 }; ------------------------------ $hashRef = { 'name' => 'Mary', 'age' => 25 }; ------------------------------