use warnings;
use strict;


MAIN: {

my $qc = q{"};  # quoting character
my $quoted_body = qr{ [^$qc\\]* (?: \\. [^$qc\\]* )* }xms;

while (<DATA>) {
    my (undef, undef, undef, $time, $data1, $data2) =
        m{ $qc ($quoted_body) $qc }xmsg;
    print "time: <$time>  data1: <$data1>  data2: <$data2> \n";
    }

}


__DATA__
example.txt "unimportant1" "unimportant2" "unimportant3" "timeA" "data1A" "data2A"
other.txt "ignore1" "ignore2" "ign\"ore3" "timeB" "data1B" "dat\"a2B"
foo.txt "ignore1" "" "ign\"ore3" " timeC " "" "dat\"a2C"