# I just put it in $_ for example's sake.
$_ = 'NCC045-071-109-SCC021-087-091-011545-';
@foo = split '-', $_;
until($exp = pop @foo) {};
my $code;
for(@foo) {
  if(s/^([A-Z]+)//) { #if there are letters at the front
    $code = $1;
  }
  push @{$data{$code}}, $_;
  # or do
  print $string_with_code = "$code$_\n";
}