sub print_r { my $level=""; my @level_index=(); my @print_r_Recursion=(); print_rec (@_); undef @level_index; undef @print_r_Recursion; undef $level; sub print_rec { if ( ! defined $level ) { $level = 0 }; if ( ! defined @level_index ) { $level_index[$level] = 0 }; for ( @_ ) { my $element = $_; my $index = $level_index[$level]; if (ref($element) eq 'ARRAY' || ref($element) eq 'HASH'){ my $loop=0; for (@print_r_Recursion){ if (($element."") eq ($_."")){ $loop=1; last; } } if ($loop==1){ print "\t" x $level . "[$index] => ". ref($element) ." *recursion*\n"; next; } push @print_r_Recursion,$element; } print "\t" x $level . "[$index] => "; if ( ref($element) eq 'ARRAY' ) { my $array = $_; $level_index[++$level] = 0; print "(Array)\n"; for ( @$array ) { print_rec( $_ ); } --$level if ( $level > 0 ); } elsif ( ref($element) eq 'HASH' ) { my $hash = $_; print "(Hash)\n"; ++$level; for ( keys %$hash ) { $level_index[$level] = $_; print_rec( $$hash{$_} ); } } else { print "$element\n"; } $level_index[$level]++; } } }