package Object;
{

    # pow does not require an object data
    sub pow 
    {
       my $val = shift;
       my $pow = shift;
   
       return $val ** $pow;
    }

}
1;

##</code><code>##

use Object
Object::pow( 2, 2 );

##</code><code>##

use Object 'pow';
pow( 2,2 );

##</code><code>##

Object->pow(2,2);

Object::pow(2,2);

my $obj = Object->new();
$obj->pow(2,2);

pow(2,2); # Exported or internal method call

##</code><code>##

    sub rmvObjRef
    {
        my $package_name = shift;      
        my $param1       = ref( $_[ 0 ] ) || $_[ 0 ];

        # If param1 holds the name of the class / package
        # remove it from the arguments.
        if ( $param1 eq $package_name ) {
            shift @_;
        }

        return @_;

    }

##</code><code>##

shift if ref $_[0] eq __PACKAGE || $_[0] eq __PACKAGE__;

##</code><code>##

@_ = rmvObjRef( __PACKAGE__, @_ );

##</code><code>##

package NumObject;

sub addObjects
{
   @_ = rmvObjRef( __PACKAGE__, @_ );   

   # Just an example, Obviously an overloaded '+'
   # op could achieve this.
   return NumObject + NumObject;

}

##</code><code>##

my $num1 = NumObject->new();
my $num2 = NumObject->new();
NumObject::addObjects( $num1, $num2  );