$ perl -le'{ my @a; $a[15][0]; print "After autovivification: ", exists($a[14]) || 0, exists($a[15]) || 0, defined($a[14]) || 0, defined($a[15]) || 0; }{ my @a; $a[15] = []; print "After explicit vivification: ", exists($a[14]) || 0, exists($a[15]) || 0, defined($a[14]) || 0, defined($a[15]) || 0; }' After autovivification: 0101 After explicit vivification: 0101