my( $hrs, $mins, $secs, $day, $month, $year, ... );

my %res = (
    qr[(\d\d):(\d\d):(\d\d)]           => sub{($hrs,$mins,$secs) = ($1,$2,$3) },
    qr[(\d\d)/(\d\d)/(\d\d(?:\d\d)*)] => sub{($day,$month,$year) = ($1,$2,$3) },
    ...,
    '' => sub{ die "Unknown date format" },
};

...

$maybeTime =~ $_ and $res{ $_ }->() for keys %res;