use open ':std', ':locale';
use charnames ':full';
my $word =
    "\N{LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE}" .
    "\N{LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS}" .
    "\N{LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS}" .
    "\N{LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH ACUTE}";
print($word, "\n");
print(ucfirst(lc($word)), "\n");