$string =~ m/^(frm)(\w+?)(txt)?$/; #### >perl -wMstrict -le "for (@ARGV) { m/^(frm)(\w+?)(txt)?$/; print qq{'$_' ($1) ($2) ($3)}; } print '-----------'; for (@ARGV) { m/^(frm)(\w+?)(txt|)$/; print qq{'$_' ($1) ($2) ($3)}; } " frmNametxt frmNameFoo 'frmNametxt' (frm) (Name) (txt) Use of uninitialized value $3 in concatenation (.) or string at ... 'frmNameFoo' (frm) (NameFoo) () ----------- 'frmNametxt' (frm) (Name) (txt) 'frmNameFoo' (frm) (NameFoo) ()