use utf8;
#use encoding 'utf8';
use Devel::Peek;

my $s = "ö";         # character string
Dump $s;

utf8::encode($s);    # byte string c3 b6 (UTF-8 encoded ö); utf8 flag off
Dump $s;

my $s2 = $s . "ö";   # implicit upgrade of $s
Dump $s2;

##</code><code>##

SV = PV(0x750b78) at 0x777c70
  REFCNT = 1
  FLAGS = (PADMY,POK,pPOK,UTF8)
  PV = 0x7722d0 "\303\266"\0 [UTF8 "\x{f6}"]
  CUR = 2
  LEN = 8
SV = PV(0x750b78) at 0x777c70
  REFCNT = 1
  FLAGS = (PADMY,POK,pPOK)
  PV = 0x7722d0 "\303\266"\0
  CUR = 2
  LEN = 8
SV = PV(0x751398) at 0x777d00
  REFCNT = 1
  FLAGS = (PADMY,POK,pPOK,UTF8)
  PV = 0x787010 "\303\203\302\266\303\266"\0 [UTF8 "\x{c3}\x{b6}\x{f6}"]
  CUR = 6                                           ^^^^^^^^^^^^
  LEN = 8

##</code><code>##

SV = PV(0x750b78) at 0x777c88
  REFCNT = 1
  FLAGS = (PADMY,POK,pPOK,UTF8)
  PV = 0x7722d0 "\303\266"\0 [UTF8 "\x{f6}"]
  CUR = 2
  LEN = 8
SV = PV(0x750b78) at 0x777c88
  REFCNT = 1
  FLAGS = (PADMY,POK,pPOK)
  PV = 0x7722d0 "\303\266"\0
  CUR = 2
  LEN = 8
SV = PV(0x860de8) at 0x777cd0
  REFCNT = 1
  FLAGS = (PADMY,POK,pPOK,UTF8)
  PV = 0x78fa30 "\303\266\303\266"\0 [UTF8 "\x{f6}\x{f6}"]
  CUR = 4                                   ^^^^^^
  LEN = 8