foreach my $string ( @word ) {
      if ( $uword{ $string }[ 0 ] == 1 ) {
         push @{ $uword{ $string } }, $line;
         next;
      }
      $uword{ $string }[ 0 ] = 1;
      push @{ $uword{ $string } }, $line;
   }


#this [0] is apparently not needed
#maybe I'm missing something, but what do you think
#that this does?
#simplify to just...

foreach my $string (@word)
{
   push ( @{$uword{$string}}, $line );
}

##</code><code>##

@{ $uword{ $seen{ $key }[ 1 ] }
# there is no closing curly for the @
# its rather strange looking but
# { $seen{ $key }[ 1 ] } is the key for the hash

##</code><code>##

push @{$hash{$key}}, $value;