open(my $fh, '<:raw:perlio', $qfn) #### open(my $fh, '<', $qfn) binmode($fh); #### open(my $fh, '<', $qfn) #### open(my $fh, '<:encoding(UTF-8)', $qfn) #### open(my $fh, '<:encoding(UTF-16le)', $qfn)