c:\test>perl -wE"open my $a, +$b;" Name "main::b" used only once: possible typo at -e line 1. Use of uninitialized value $b in open at -e line 1. c:\test>perl -wE"open my $a, ''.$b;" Name "main::b" used only once: possible typo at -e line 1. Use of uninitialized value $b in concatenation (.) or string at -e line 1.