#!/usr/bin/perl -- use strict; use warnings; use Data::Dump; my @foo; my $bar; silentWin( \@foo ); silentFail( $bar ); dd \@foo; dd $bar; aliasUglyWin( $bar ); dd $bar; print "bye\n"; silentWin( undef ); print "bye\n"; sub silentWin { my( $arrayref ) = @_; push $arrayref, "win"; } sub silentFail { my( $arrayref ) = @_; push @{$arrayref}, "fail"; } sub aliasUglyWin { push @{ $_[0] } , "ugly win"; } __END__ ["win"] undef ["ugly win"] bye Not an ARRAY reference ...