use strict;
use warnings;
use Readonly;
Readonly::Scalar my $PREFIX => qr/DOC_/;
Readonly::Scalar my $FILTER  => qr/
    $PREFIX
    (?: [A-Za-z]+\d* | [A-Za-z]*\d+ )
    -
    [0-9a-z]{3}
    /x;
my @tags = qw( DOC_001_123 DOC_002_214 DOC_001-548 DOC_001-987 );
my @dash_tags = grep {/$FILTER/} @tags;
print "@dash_tags\n";